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Acts · chapter 18 of 28

Acts 18: Summary, Key Verses and Study Questions

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What happens in Acts 18?

Acts 18 tells how Paul arrives in Corinth, works with Aquila and Priscilla making tents and preaches in the synagogue until, rejected, he turns to the Gentiles. The Lord speaks to him in a vision and he stays a year and a half. The Jews bring him before the proconsul Gallio, who dismisses the case. Afterward Paul returns to Antioch, and Priscilla and Aquila instruct Apollos in Ephesus.

After Athens, Paul arrives in Corinth, a commercial city with a bad reputation, where he ministers for more than a year and founds a sizable church. This chapter shows the value of lay co-workers like Aquila and Priscilla, and it closes the second missionary journey and begins the third.

Acts 18 summary

Paul leaves Athens and goes to Corinth, where he finds Aquila, a Jew from Pontus, and his wife Priscilla, who had left Rome because Claudius ordered all the Jews to leave. Because they share his trade, Paul lives and works with them making tents, and every Sabbath he reasons in the synagogue with Jews and Greeks. When Silas and Timothy come, he devotes himself entirely to the word, testifying that Jesus is the Christ. The Jews oppose and blaspheme, and he says that from now on he will go to the Gentiles. He moves to the house of Titius Justus, next to the synagogue; Crispus, the ruler of the synagogue, believes with all his household, and many Corinthians believe and are baptized.

One night the Lord says to him in a vision not to be afraid, to keep speaking, for he is with him and has many people in that city. Paul stays a year and six months teaching the word of God. When Gallio is proconsul of Achaia, the Jews bring Paul to the tribunal and accuse him of persuading people to worship God contrary to the law. Gallio says these are questions about words and their own law, and he drives them away. Then they beat Sosthenes, the ruler of the synagogue, in front of the tribunal.

Paul takes leave and sails for Syria with Priscilla and Aquila. At Cenchreae he cuts his hair because of a vow. He leaves Priscilla and Aquila at Ephesus, argues in the synagogue and promises to return. He goes down to Antioch and then through Galatia and Phrygia, strengthening the disciples.

Apollos, a Jew from Alexandria, eloquent and mighty in the Scriptures, comes to Ephesus. He teaches accurately the things about Jesus, though he knows only the baptism of John. Priscilla and Aquila take him aside and explain the way of God more accurately. Apollos goes to Achaia with a letter from the brothers, helps the believers and refutes the Jews, showing by the Scriptures that Jesus is the Christ.

Chapter outline

  1. vv. 1-4: Paul in Corinth with Aquila and Priscilla; he works and reasons in the synagogue.
  2. vv. 5-11: The Jews' rejection, Crispus, the vision and the year and a half in Corinth.
  3. vv. 12-17: Paul before Gallio.
  4. vv. 18-23: Cenchreae, Ephesus, the return to Antioch and the start of the third journey.
  5. vv. 24-28: Apollos is instructed by Priscilla and Aquila and helps in Achaia.

Key verses in Acts 18

References follow ESV book names and verse numbers. Read each verse in your Bible before the explanation.

  1. Acts 18:3

    Paul stays with Aquila and Priscilla and works with them because their trade is tentmaking. The apostle is not ashamed of manual work, which allows him to support himself and not burden the church.

  2. Acts 18:9-10

    The Lord tells Paul in a vision not to be afraid, to keep speaking and not be silent, because he is with him and has many people in that city. God encourages his servant in fear and assures him that the mission in Corinth will bear fruit.

  3. Acts 18:11

    Paul stays a year and six months in Corinth teaching the word of God among them. Mission is not limited to announcing; it includes teaching with constancy and forming believers.

  4. Acts 18:26

    Priscilla and Aquila take Apollos aside and explain the way of God to him more accurately. A lay couple humbly teaches a brilliant preacher, and he lets himself be instructed.

Main themes

  • Work and ministry
  • Faithful co-workers
  • God's presence in fear
  • Persevering in teaching
  • Humility to learn

People and places

  • Paul
  • Aquila
  • Priscilla
  • Silas
  • Timothy
  • Titius Justus
  • Crispus
  • Gallio
  • Sosthenes
  • Apollos
  • Corinth
  • Ephesus

Acts 18 study questions and answers

6 questions with answers and references, ready for Sunday school, small group or a Bible quiz night.

  1. 1. What was the trade of Paul, Aquila and Priscilla?

    Answer: Making tents. — Acts 18:3

  2. 2. Which ruler of the synagogue in Corinth believed?

    Answer: Crispus, the ruler of the synagogue, with his entire household. — Acts 18:8

  3. 3. What did the Lord say to Paul in a vision by night?

    Answer: Not to be afraid, to keep speaking and not be silent, because he was with him and had many people in that city. — Acts 18:9-10

  4. 4. How long did Paul stay in Corinth teaching?

    Answer: A year and six months. — Acts 18:11

  5. 5. What did Gallio answer the Jews who accused Paul?

    Answer: That these were questions about words and their own law, and he drove them from the tribunal. — Acts 18:14-16

  6. 6. What did Priscilla and Aquila do with Apollos?

    Answer: They took him aside and explained the way of God to him more accurately. — Acts 18:26

Application for today

Aquila and Priscilla show that ministry does not depend on an office. They opened their home, worked with Paul and taught Apollos. In your group, ask how you can use your home, your trade and your friendship for service, without waiting for a title.

The Lord encouraged Paul in his fear and did not ask for courage without giving assurance. If something in God's work frightens you, remember the promise: God is with you and has many people in the place where he has put you.

Acts 18 ends with Apollos strengthening the believers in Achaia. Acts 19 returns to Ephesus, where Paul will spend more than two years and the gospel will shake the whole city.

Frequently asked questions about Acts 18

Who was Gallio and why is he important?

He was the Roman proconsul of Achaia. His name appears in an inscription at Delphi that places his term around AD 51 to 52, which gives a reliable date for Paul's stay in Corinth.

Why did Apollos know only the baptism of John?

The text says he taught accurately the things about Jesus but knew only John's baptism. Priscilla and Aquila filled in what was missing about the way of God. It does not mention that he was baptized again.

What was Paul's vow at Cenchreae?

The text only says he cut his hair because he had made a vow. Many connect it with a Jewish vow of consecration, but it gives no details. It shows Paul still respected Jewish practices without imposing them on Gentiles.